CPU, GPU, TPU, and NPU: How Different Processors Power AI

Business Standard examines the four main processor types that drive artificial intelligence. CPUs are general‑purpose chips that handle a wide range of computing tasks. GPUs specialize in parallel processing, making them well suited for training deep‑learning models. TPUs are custom‑built by Google to accelerate specific AI workloads. NPUs are neural‑network processors designed to run inference efficiently on edge devices. The article compares the strengths and typical applications of each processor class. It explains how developers choose hardware based on performance, power, and cost considerations. Understanding these differences helps businesses align AI projects with the right technology.